In the cause of Allah

Ayn Rand's concept of individual rights stems from human identity. Rights are a crucial requirement for human survival and advancement. Humans are distinguished from other creatures by the factuality of their cognition. Humans choose their lives and can take action to enhance them. Humans have the cognitive capacity to apply reason to arrive at reality. Ethically, human beings are self-interested. In pursuing their interests, they inevitably help others. According to Ayn Rand, individual rights are significant for the advancement of society. She provides a philosophical understanding of individual rights. Ayn Rand's voice has been heard among the din of men's voices. She is a philosopher, writer, artist, and scholar who revolted against communist repression. Rand advanced a worldview shared by many in a male-dominated philosophical world. She is influenced by Aristotle's idea of discovering truth through empirical reasoning. She stresses reason and uses it to describe...

When a nation wants to trade with the world, it has to follow some rules and regulations. Tariffs, levies, taxes, exchange rates, and other norms and laws apply to international trade. In a country, entrepreneurs and businesses adhere to the rules and regulations of the state to carry out economic and financial activities. Political economy studies the effects of laws and regulations on the economy. The nature of political economy varies depending on the political philosophy of a nation. For instance, the United States' political philosophy adheres to capitalism, democracy, and a free market; in China, there is Confucianism, communism, and a centralized state; in Iran, there is a theocracy, Islamic socialism, and presidential democracy. Every country has its own economic and political philosophy. Global socio-economic, political, and security challenges arise  when political philosophies are challenged based on prejudice, self-interest, and hegemony. Rationality means accepting po...